Debt management involves strategies and tools to help individuals manage their outstanding debts efficiently.
The goal is to reduce financial strain, lower interest costs, and ultimately become debt-free.
Credit Counselling
Comparison Charts
Feature
Debt Consolidation
Consumer Proposal
Bankruptcy
What It Is
Combines multiple debts into one loan with a lower interest rate.
A legal agreement to pay back a portion of your debt over time.
A legal process that eliminates most debts but has severe consequences.
Debt Reduction
No reduction, just simplifies repayment.
Reduces total debt, often paying back 30-70%.
Most debts are eliminated entirely.
Impact on Credit
Minor impact if payments are made on time. (Initial drop, but can improve over time).
Negative impact; stays on credit report for 3 years after completion.
Most severe impact; stays on credit report for up to 7 years.
Monthly Payments
One fixed monthly payment may include interest.
Fixed monthly payments based on income and ability to pay.
Payments depend on income (surplus income rule).
Legal Protection
No legal protection from creditors.
Creditors must stop collection efforts once accepted.
Creditors must stop all collection actions.
Assets at Risk
No risk to assets.
Keep all assets, including home and car.
Some assets may be lost, depending on exemptions.
Eligibility
High or Low credit score.
Must owe less than $250,000 (excluding mortgage).
No minimum or maximum debt required.
Time to Completion
Varies; typically 3-5 years.
Usually 3-5 years.
9 months to 3 years (depending on income and first-time or repeat filing).
Best For
Those with manageable debt looking to reduce interest rates.
Those who need debt relief but want to avoid bankruptcy.
Those with overwhelming debt and no ability to pay it back.